Erick from Kenya studied the River Ngong in the Nairobi river basin and discovered that it receives a large amount of waste from both industrial and domestic sources, which affects water quality. Some pollutants are carcinogenic and hazardous, impacting the health of people using this untreated water for domestic purposes. The research highlighted environmental degradation as a common issue, with both inorganic and organic materials polluting the water. Researchers measured water temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, and polycyclic aromatic organic compounds, comparing their findings with WHO standards to assess pollution levels. The study confirmed that River Ngong is polluted, using standard values to analyze the pollution level.
In India, Medudhula Thirupathaiah and colleagues analyzed water quality in the Lower Manair reservoir, Andhra Pradesh, using physicochemical parameters. Their findings showed that the water quality was within permissible limits, making it suitable for domestic use, irrigation, and fish farming. The study involved year-round testing across different seasons to assess water quality.
K.E. Ibrahim from Nigeria researched the physicochemical characteristics of water from River Sokoto, collecting samples from six points across two seasons. The study concluded that the water is suitable for agricultural use, like irrigation, as it meets WHO standards. The research noted seasonal fluctuations in certain parameters, such as higher ammonia levels during the rainy season.
In Iraq, Abdul-Karim Khal-Bermani and Jasim M. Salman conducted an environmental study on water quality and heavy metals in water, sediment, and aquatic plants. They found that aquatic plants like Ceratophyllum demersum and Hydrilla verticillata positively affect water quality. The study suggested that these plants could serve as pollution indicators due to seasonal variations in nutrient levels.
Teck-Yee Ling and colleagues from Malaysia examined the physicochemical characteristics of river water downstream of a large tropical hydroelectric dam. They found that the dam affects water quality, with high turbidity and low dissolved oxygen levels impacting aquatic life. The study highlighted how the dam influences downstream water quality.
Tibebu Alemu and team analyzed the physicochemical parameters of “Hora” natural mineral water and soil in Ethiopia. They concluded that the water is safe for drinking, as it meets WHO standards. The study recommended further research on microorganisms and biological characteristics of the water.
In Baghdad, researchers collected water from the Tigris River, known for its high pollution levels, to analyze its physicochemical characteristics. They found the river unfit for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use, suggesting a need for cleaning efforts.
R. Radha Krishnan and colleagues studied water from drinking sources, bore-wells, and sewage in Sivakasi, India. They found that while drinking and bore-well water met WHO standards, sewage water was unsuitable for domestic use. All water sources were contaminated with bacteria and fecal coliforms.
Amanial Haile’s research in Arbaminch city found that drinking water from three locations met physicochemical standards, though some levels were high but within WHO limits. The study used standards from WHO and the US EPA.
In Bangalore, India, researchers collected water from the Kaveri River at four locations, finding it suitable for agricultural and domestic use. The study noted higher ion concentrations in urban areas compared to rural ones, suggesting further research on the impact of soil and urban environments.
Dhanaji and Pramod emphasized the importance of regularly checking drinking water quality. They analyzed bore-well and river water from ten stations, finding that boiling made the water safe for consumption despite some parameters exceeding WHO standards.
A study on Polillo Island, Philippines, assessed the quality of drinking wells through physicochemical and microbiological analysis. While physicochemical characteristics were within WHO limits, the water was contaminated with fecal and coliform bacteria.
In Cagayan de Oro City, researchers analyzed tap water from six stations, finding most physicochemical parameters within WHO limits, except for total dissolved solids and conductivity. The study assessed various characteristics, including pH, salinity, and temperature.
